Are children expected to be fluent readers by the end of first grade?
Not with all text. Fluency depends on the difficulty of the text being read. Most adults would read a physics textbook slowly and haltingly. Similarly, a child’s fluency depends on how familiar the vocabulary and concepts are in the text being read. The first time children read a selection in the Reader, they may not read it fluently. However, children should show progress in their fluency as they reread a selection orally and as they progress through the levels of the program.
