a My starting gravity is way too high (or too low). What is wrong?
In a malt extract beer when less than 5 gallons is boiled , the problem usually stems from not adequately mixing the top-up cold water with the wort. Typical results will be very low (or very high) hydrometer readings. Cold water and hot wort are a little like oil and water, and must be vigorously mixed for at least a minute to blend the hot sugars into the cold water. Once mixed, you should get an accurate reading. Keep in mind that you also need to take a reading at 60° F. for accuracy. Spin the hydrometer before you take a reading, to get all the bubbles off the glass sides.
