7. What is the significance of ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) in terms of prognosis and treatment?
DCIS is a pre-cancer but its natural history is not well understood. Treatment is aimed at getting rid of all the DCIS usually by surgery but also in some cases with the addition of radiation (radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy in order to prevent the DCIS from coming back (recurring) and also from developing into invasive carcinoma. 8. What does it mean if my report mentions special studies such as high molecular weight cytokeratin (HMWCK), ck903, ck5/6, p63, muscle specific actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, calponin, or keratin?