What is High Frequency Electromagnetics?
High frequency (HF) electromagnetics is concerned with the generation and propagation of electromagnetic energy in free space, together with its interaction with dielectric or metallic media. The numerical simulation of HF electromagnetics involves solving Maxwell’s equations for the electric and magnetic vector fields. What differentiates HF from low-frequency (LF) electromagnetics is the fact the HF radiation propagates in free space, and not via the material volume of a conductive material. The term HF is misleading, and should be more correctly referred to as full wave analysis, as all of Maxwell’s equations are solved. The equations solved for LF electromagnetics are the same, but with some simplification. Generally speaking HF simulations are required when the wavelength is similar or smaller that the geometric dimensions of the structure. Or, as a very rough guide, HF electromagnetic simulations typically cover frequencies above 500 kilo Hertz (kHz), i.e. radio, microwave, Infra
