What is zapping the PRAM?
Zapping the PRAM is a perfectly painless way to clear the Parameter RAM memory so that the control panel settings can be reset. It clears out any corruption in the PRAM. Q: How and when should I do it? A: You zap the PRAM by holding down the Command, Option, P and R keys during start-up. Hold down these keys until the Mac restarts the second time. Some problems we have had in the office did not go away until we held down the keys for ten or so restarts, although this is unusual. Tech Tools by Micromat Computer Systems is an excellent maintenance tool which includes a utility for zapping the PRAM superior to the key holding procedure described above. If zapping the PRAM doesn t seem to help, you may need to replace the battery that maintains the PRAM. Refer to your owners manual for your specific model for information on what battery to use and where it is located. Zapping the PRAM and resetting your control panel devices is the prescribed treatment for these ailments. You may also wish
