What are “horns”?
Horns are a phenomenon that occurs when the the fuel value of the VOCs being destroyed is substantially greater than the heat loss of the RTO. In this condition, the fuel rich VOCs are destroyed in the heat exchange beds rather than in the combustion chamber. As such, the heat of combustion is released before reaching the combustion chamber and the temperature of the heat exchange beds can actually be greater than the temperature of the combustion chamber. The term “horn” comes from how a chart of the overall temperature profile appears while the RTO is operating in this state.