Can GORD cause cancer?
Severe, long-standing GORD can damage the oesophagus and cause a condition known as Barrett’s oesophagus wherein the normal lining of the oesophagus is replaced by a lining more like that of the stomach or intestine. It is thought that this replacement may be an attempt by the body to protect itself from further injury by acid. The risk of oesophageal cancer appears to increase significantly in patients with Barrett’s oesophagus. The only way to diagnose Barrett’s oesophagus is by endoscopy. Some studies suggest that the abnormal lining in the oesophagus produced in Barrett’s oesophagus can be reduced with intensive treatment. It is not yet clear whether such treatment will prevent oesophageal cancer in GORD patients, but this is under active investigation.
