Who Governs Kabul?
Printable version Wars, particularly civil wars, are increasingly focused on cities. How can they best be tackled? This study from Columbia University reviews the history of city politics in Kabul and the processes of governance that occur at different levels. Multi-layered conflicts in capital cities can concentrate political attention and overload urban development and governance agendas. It should be understood that, in post-war capital cities, conflicts at the fault lines of local, national and international institutions shape political and economic agendas for the city. Today, civil wars are the most common forms of warfare. They have a crucial urban dimension not only in terms of social losses, but also in creating challenges and alterations to the local polity. Cities have always been part of battlefields of war but, today, they are the primary space in which wars are taking place. Recent international reconstruction efforts in war zones in developing regions have paid little at
