How do the curses work?
This is very tricky because what evidence is rather varied and quite limited. For what the cursed versions of the characters looks like, imagine a normal person have a set of characteristics, and the cursed pools set some characteristics when the curse is activated, and these will override the current ones. For example Ranma, has (among others) the characteristic of being male, about normal height and weight, and the spring he fell into sets the two characteristics of age to be young and gender to be female – everything else stays the same. So if Ranma was tall, he would be a tall when female as well, etc. Another example is Genma’s pool, which changes his species to panda, and nothing else. And the Spring-of-Drowned-Virtuous-Man would set someone’s characteristics to be male, and personality to be ‘virtuous’. The characteristics that are set are those implied by the name of the spring. So because the spring Akane cursed is called Spring-of-Drowned-Akane, it has a specific quality of c