What types of hernia are there?
The most common type is the groin or inguinal hernia. Herniae may also occur through the umbilicus (umbilical hernia), through old abdominal scars (incisional hernia), through the muscles in the upper abdomen (ventral hernia) or alongside blood vessels running into the thigh (femoral hernia). There is also Hiatus hernia, which is often associated with Gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Laparoscopic repair is mainly used for hiatus, inguinal, ventral & incisional hernia repairs. The abdominal wall is made up of 3 interwoven sheets of muscle. Although very strong, points of weakness do exist, especially in the groin and around the umbilicus (belly button), and along previous surgical incisions. If stressed, these weak points may allow a sac of the abdominal lining (the peritoneum) to push through the defect. The hernial sac may be empty or may contain part of the abdominal contents, commonly intestine.
