What is the tolerance band?
Resistors are never the exact value that the color codes indicate. Therefore manufacturers place a tolerance color band on the resistor to tell you just how accurate this resistor is made. It is simply a measurement of the imperfections. Gold means the resistor is within 5% of being dead-on accurate. Silver being within 10% and no color band being within 20%. To determine the exact range that the resistor may be, take the value of the resistor and multiply it by 5,10, 0r 20%. That is the number that the resistor may go either way. If there is no fourth band, then the resistor value may be as much as 20 percent greater than or less than the indicated value. • What is the failure rate? Failure rate, may or may not exist on a resistor, is shown as the fifth band in resistor color codes. Failure rate is expressed as a percentage of units expected to malfunction within 1,000 hours of operation at the maximum rated power-dissipation. To get better failure rates, resistors are typically speci
