Can codling moth be effectively controlled with Entomopathogens (insect pathogens) like bacteria, fungi, nematodes, protozoa and viruses?
Bacteria and protozoa show little promise for codling moth control. Some entomogenous fungi and nematodes (mainly Steinernema feltiae Filipjev) have shown promising results for the suppression of overwintering larvae. Their usage, however, may be confined to certain climatic conditions. Codling moth granulosis virus (CpGv) has shown promise for control of neonate larvae. This virus is 10,000 times more virulent than Bacillus thuringiensis for the codling moth neonate. Several field studies have proved its efficacy in reducing codling moth damage and abundance of surviving larvae. This virus was developed for commercial use in Europe and has been used in the United States under experimental use permits. Development of a cost effective, efficacious CpGv formulation is being pursued by educational institutions and industry. Availability of such a formulation for codling moth would add a highly specific method of remedial control that would not interfere with natural controls of other pest
