How does the ECM System works?
There are a number of sensors that provide the ECM with all necessary inputs such as the engine temperature, ambient temperature, vehicle speed, load, etc. According to these inputs, the ECM makes initial adjustments adding or subtracting fuel, advancing or retarding the ignition timing, increasing or decreasing idle speed, etc. There is a primary (upstream) Oxygen Sensor installed in the exhaust before the catalytic converter that monitors the quality of combustion in the cylinders. Based on the feedback from this oxygen sensor the ECM makes further adjustments to the air-fuel mixture to reduce emissions. There is another, secondary (downstream) oxygen sensor installed after catalytic converter in the exhaust that monitors catalytic converter’s efficiency. There are a few additional vehicle systems related to the emission control. For example, there is an Evaporative system (EVAP) that prevents gasoline vapors inside the gas tank from escaping into the atmosphere. The EVAP system also
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